Zhejia added that the US plant will speed its upgrade to 2nm and beyond, with development and capacity planning pulled forward by two to three years.

Inside the company, he said a top-down and bottom-up process now meshes market reads across teams to keep investment timing on the money and not out over its skis.

Arizona is set to grow into a standalone giga fab cluster aimed at smartphones, AI, and high-performance computing, Wei said, turning the desert into serious silicon real estate.

On home turf, he said 2nm mass production is expected later this quarter, with advanced packaging rolled out as milestones are hit and volumes nudged along.

Next year the 2nm ramp quickens, pulled by smartphones, HPC and AI. N2P and A16 at 1.6nm are slated for mass production in the second half of 2026, Wei said.

New fabs will prioritise N2 while tuning N5 and N3 output. With government backing, Hsinchu and Kaohsiung Science Parks are mapping multiple 2nm phases in parallel.

TSMC will keep narrowing the advanced packaging supply gap and lift capacity again next year, which should please kit makers fretting about bottlenecks.

In Japan, Wei said Kumamoto’s first specialty-process fab started mass production at the end of 2024 with very good yield, and the second fab build is now under way.

He said the timing for mass production in Kumamoto’s second site will follow customer needs and market conditions, which is corporate for we will ship when buyers bite.

In Europe, Wei said Dresden’s specialty-process fab is rising with firm promises from Brussels and German federal, state and city governments, and construction is ticking along nicely.